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A Ca de Bou is a dog breed of the bulldog type, which originates from the Spanish island of Mallorca in the Balearic Sea.
A Ca de Bou is a very old dog breed, which originated in Mallorca between the years 1270 and 1570 AD. The breed was probably developed during the period of Catalan influence on the island and it is assumed that its ancestors were the large mastiff dogs that were used on the island to control and protect cattle back then.
It is believed that the breed at that time was bred specifically for dog fights and other bloody forms of entertainment, which were very popular and widespread in the period between the 13th and 16th centuries. When the British occupied Mallorca in the 18th century, dog fighting was still a well-established form of entertainment on the island, and the Ca de Bou was preferred for that purpose by the locals. They thought that the dog was particularly suitable for dog fights due to its wildness and courage.
Dog fighting, however, was fortunately banned in the 20th century, which led to the Ca de Bou being close to extinction, as the breed had mostly been used for that purpose. However, the breed was rescued at the last minute by enthusiastic dog breeders from the Spanish mainland who began to use the breed in dog shows in hope of giving it a new reputation rather than just a dog that had been used for dog fights.
The Spanish breeders eventually succeeded in getting the breed recognized by Real Sociedad Canina de España, which is Spain's largest kennel club, which has been a member of the large international kennel club, FCI, since 1912. Today, the breed goes by several names. Ca de Bou is the Catalan name of the breed, while elsewhere in Spain it is called Perro de Presa Mallorquin. Finally, the breed is also called the Mallorcan Bulldog or Mallorcan Mastiff. The breed is rare in the UK.
A Ca de Bou is a medium-sized dog with an extremely muscular physique. It is typically between 52 and 58 cm high and weighs between 35 and 38 kg. The coat is short, rough and coarse and is either black, tiger striped or light brown.
The eyes are large, oval and typically dark. The eyes must not be bright or yellow. The ears are small and at a relatively large distance from each other. The breed has a massive head and a very wide and strong jaw. You can clearly see that the breed was originally bred to fight against other dogs and animals. The neck is also thick and strong.
With the help of selective breeding, skilled dog breeders have over time been able to soften Ca de Bou's mind and temperament so that it is no longer the biting, tough and aggressive fighting dog that it originally was in Mallorca in the 13th century.
Today, you will see a loving and affectionate dog that is well suited as a family dog. However, the dog's past is still in it, which is why it is not suitable for the inexperienced dog owner. It must have a loving and consistent upbringing and be socialized early with other dogs.
A well-behaved and well-socialized Ca de Bou is calm, faithful and good-natured. Despite the selective breeding, which has made the breed more calm and family-friendly, a Ca de Bou is still an unsurpassed watchdog and protection dog who will faithfully and bravely defend his family against any threat.
A Ca de Bou is not a breed known to have serious hereditary or genetic diseases. In general, it is a healthy and fit dog. However, like other large dog breeds of the bulldogs type, it may make sense to have the dog examined regularly for cardiovascular disease, stomach ulcers or joint problems, as these are diseases that large bulldogs often suffer from.
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